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Background: Considering the prevalence of Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and based on recent reports which corresponded a high overlapping between these disorders, and also division of GERD into two groups with Esophagitis (ERD) and without Esophagitis (NERD), this study was performed in order to compare the prevalence of IBS among both ERD and NERD cases, referring to GI clinic of Loghman haspital in 2005. Materials and Methods: this cross sectional analytic study, was performed on 160 patients with clinical diagnosis of GERD referring to GI clinic. These patients were divided, according to endoscopic findings, into two groups of ERD and NERD each contained 80. Sampling method was simple random. patients with IBS were identified based on questionnaire of Rome (II) criteria. Data were analysed using statistic program of spss-v.12. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: prevalence of IBS in GERD was found to be 15% [in ERD 7.5% and in NERD 22.5%] (p=0.008). Prevalence of GERD in patients <45 years old (50.6%) was equivalent to that of patients > 45 (49/4%). 23.3% of GERD cases older than 65years had NERD, whereas 76.7% of them had ERD. The most provalent association between IBS and GERD (45.8%) [ERD (50%) and NERD (44.5%)] was in ages between 45-54 years. There were no IBS cases in ages between 35 and 44, nor in above 65 years old. The prevalence of GERD revealed to be 54% and 46% in females and males, respectively. Applying the statistic tests, there was no significant difference (p>0.05). The prevalence of IBS in females with GERD was 1.7 times more than that of males. The prevalence of constipation-dominant pattern in IBS was 79% in GERD [83% in ERD and 78% in NERD] without any significant difference between ERD and NERD groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Compared to ERD cases, the predominant association of IBS in NERD patients would suggest a probable common ethiologic or pathologic back ground between these two latter disorders.

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Background: In Iran there are about 70 deaths per day due to road traffic injuries (RTIs). Some interventions have been carried out during the past 5 years, however the trend and role of interventions to decrease death and morbidity rates from RTIs has not been evaluated. This study aimed to present the epidemiological pattern of RTIs in Iran during years 2004 to 2007 and comparison of epidemiological measures of RTIs before and 2 years after the four traffic police enforcements and preventive programs. Materials and Methods: Source of data was 4 year databases from two sources (Traffic Police and Iranian Legal Medicine Organization). Data were computerized and analyzed. The morbidity and death incidence rates per 10 000 vehicles and per 100 000 population calculated, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence Interval for ORs were measured for before and 2 years after these national interventional programs. The interventions were obligatory rules for use of seat belt, enforcements of laws and legislations such as some specific road plans in special occasions, educational program campaigns using the national radio and television, and mandatory rules of wearing helmet for motorcyclists taken place nationally by traffic police of Iran. Results: The number of automobiles and all vehicles had 43.1% and 58% increase during the study duration. Two years after the interventional programs there was a decrease rate of deaths from RTIs per 100 000 population (OR= 0.83, 95% CI= 0.82-0.85), and per 10 000 vehicles (OR= 0.56, 95% CI= 0.55-0.57) in Iran. There was also a significant decrease for morbidity rate from RTIs per 10 000 vehicles after the interventions (OR= 0.68, 95% CI= 0.67-0.68). Conclusion: These findings showed the effectiveness of traffic police interventions in Iran on fatal and nonfatal road traffic injuries.

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Background and Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the world. The great majority (80%) of patients with colorectal cancer have sporadic disease with no evidence of having inherited the disorder. The enzyme 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), is involved in folate metabolism and DNA repair pathways. A novel polymorphic site in MTHFR (G1793A) was first described in 2002. It was selected on the basis of recent investigations on functional effects on DNA synthesis, DNA repair and chromosomal damage. Investigations revealed that this allele was associated with susceptibility to several types of cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations, if any, between polymorphism G1793A of MTHFR gene and the risk of CRC in a population from Iran. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 227 cases and 239 normal unmatched control genotypes using pyrosequencing technique. Odd ratio and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate associations of MTHFR gene polymorphism with colorectal cancer risk. Results: While the GG, GA and AA genotype frequencies of MTHFR among the colorectal cancer patients were 98.2%, 1.8% and 0% respectively, we found 90.3% of 1793GG, 9.7% of 1793GA and 0% of 1793AA in the normal controls. Thus, there is a significant reverse association between G/A genotype and colorectal cancer (OR: 0.17 95% CI, 0.05- 0.47). ‍Conclusion: Our study is compatible with previous findings that indicate a reverse association between of the MTHFR 1793G>A genotype with other cancers in different population.

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Background & Aim: Microarray techniques are successfully used to investigate thousands of gene expression profiling in a variety of genomic analyses such as gene identification, drug discovery and clinical diagnosis, providing a large amount of genomic data for the overall research community. Statistical analysis of such databases included normalization, clustering, classification, etc. The present study surveyed the application of fuzzy clustering technique in DNA microarray analysis. Materials & Methods: Golub, et al collected data bases of leukemia based on the method of oligonucleotide in 1999. The data are on the internet for free. In this paper we did analysis on this data set and gene expression data were clustered by fuzzy clustering. Data set included 20 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patients and 14 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients. Efficiency of clustering was compared with regard to real grouping (ALL & AML). We used R software for data analysis Results: Specificity and sensitivity of fuzzy clustering in diagnosing of ALL patients are 90% and 93%, respectively. These results show a good accomplishment of both clustering methods. It is considerable that, due to clustering methods results, one of the samples was placed in ALL group, which had been in AML group in clinical test. Conclusion: With regard to concordance of the results with real grouping of data, it could be said that we can use these methods in cases where we don't have accurate information of real data grouping. Moreover, results of clustering might distinguish subgroups of data in such a way

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Background and Aim: Currently a considerable part of manufacturing systems work in shifting hours. This can increase fatigue and sleep disorders, which can affect human health. Since the health of staff that has increased the efficiency of the whole system. This paper aimed to determine the relationship between shift work and sleep quality with public health in Kaavian steel companies Khozestan.
Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in a construction industry. 118 workers were selected randomly as a sample group. Research tools were a checklist for demographic information and two valid and reliable general health (GHQ28) and job stress (HSE) questionnaires. In order to grading questions was used Likert method. For data analyzing used one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA and T-independent and software SPSS version 21.
Results: 91% of people in at least one of the subscales of job stress were in undesirable condition. 33.1% of workers in terms of general health status were abnormal. There was significant relationship between general health and job stress variables (p=0.001).
‍Conclusion: Prevalence of job stress among workers of construction projects is high. On the other hand, based on results, job stress has negative effect on general health of workers. Therefore, for achieving to better general health of workers, we would have special attention to job stress issue. One of the controlling approaches we can suggest the employees is applying of occupational health engineers and intensifying of supervision of health centers of university of medical sciences on construction projects.