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Background and Aim: chronic sinusitis is one of the most common medical problems and affected annually 30 million people in USA. This study the efficacy and safety of clarithromycin XL and Co-amoxiclove on clinical and CT scan finding in patients suffering from chronic sinusitis were compared. Material and methods: In this clinical trial a total of 59 subjects (62.7% male, 37.3% female, mean age 28 years) with clinical symptoms and CT scan findings of chronic sinusitis were divided into two groups and treated with clarithromycin XL or Co-amoxiclav. Results: clinical success rates at the end of therapy similar in two groups, but in subjects treated with clarithromycin XL, CT scan findings had a better results than Co-amoxiclav group (53% versus 29%). Gastrointestinal discomfort was the most frequent treatment–related adverse effects, but no significant difference in two groups. Conclusion: Results demonstrated that clinical success rate of clarithromycin XL and Co-amoxiclav, was similar for treatment of chronic sinusitis, but clarithromycin XL was more effective in improvement of CT scan findings.

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Background and Aim: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy seems necessary in the initial evaluation of patients who have ingested corrosives. The purpose of the current study was to determine the relationship between clinical signs and laboratory tests with the severity of upper gasterointestinal (GI) tract injury according to endoscopic findings in patients with history of caustic ingestion. Materials and Methods: 66 patients who underwent upper GI endoscopy after ingestion of caustic substances including acid and alkaline were evaluated in Loghman Hakim Hospital, in Tehran in 2007. Demographic information including age, gender, type of caustic substance, amount of caustic substance, cause of ingestion, time of admission, interval between ingestion and admission, clinical signs and lab findings were collected to find out the relationship between effective variables with the severity of upper gastrointestinal tract injury and subsequent mortality. Results: The mean age of patients was 37 years and women had the most frequent referrals to hospital (51.5%). Acid ingestion equaled alkaline ingestion (43.9%). The most frequent type of caustic substance was witex (33.3%). The most frequent cause for ingestion was suicidal (72.7%) and the most frequent clinical sign and laboratory findings were oropharyngeal injuries (60.6%), anemia and leukocytosis (39.3%). Grade 0 (normal) in zarger classification was the endoscopic lesions mostly found and Grade 3b being the least. ‍Conclusion: No clinical signs and laboratory findings solely or their combination could identify the necessity of Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in patients who have ingested caustic substances.

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Background and Aim: Unconsummated marriage has been seen in some cases. This study was run to determine the time of consummation of marriage and related factors in women referred to health care centers and hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science in Tehran in 2009. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 200 consecutive women. The maximum length of marriage in these women was 4 months and they did not have any known medical or psychiatric disease or addiction. The time of consummating was recorded using questioner and the role of personal and social characteristics were determined. Not being successful in first trying for consummating was also recorded and 2 test was used for analysis. Results: Findings showed that in 200 women aged 24.7±4.44 y with marriage duration of 3.47±3.44 months, the rate of unsuccessful first try for consummating was %61. ‍Conclusion: It seems that delay in consummating the marriage should be investigated. We recommend further assessment of this problem and its causes, especially because this is a new field of research.

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Background and Aim: In skeletal muscle, carnitine plays an essential role in translocation of long-chain fatty-acids for subsequent beta-oxidation in addition, coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone, CoQ10) is a component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and also an important antioxidant. Despite abundant literature describing the basic mechanism of L-carnitine and CoQ10 metabolism, there remains some uncertainty regarding the effect of oral L-carnitine and CoQ10 supplementation. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of CoQ10 and L-carnitine supplementation on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in healthy inactive collegiate men. Materials and Methods: In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 40 subjects (age: 23.01±2.97 y, weight: 72.9±11.71 kg and height: 176.80±5.36 cm) participated in two test sessions separated by 10 days. Subjects were randomly allocated into parallel groups to receive either CoQ10 (3 mg/kg/day), L-carnitin (30 mg/kg/day), both of them, or placebo, for 10 days. A 30-second Wingate anaerobic capacity test for determination of fatigue index (FI), and a maximal cardiopulmonary graded exercise test (modified Bruce protocol), for direct determination of VO2max by gas analyzer, were performed on the day before and after supplementation period. Data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and paired sample T test. Results: Results showed that co-supplementation with L-carnitine and CoQ10 had a significant incremental effect on VO2max (p< 0.05). In the L-carnitine group, VO2max showed a tendency to increase but it was not significant (p=0.096). FI decreased by 7.7% with L-carnitine + CoQ10, compared with 4.9% increase in placebo group however this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.099). Only supplementation with L-carnitine could significantly improve the fatigue index (p<0.05). ‍Conclusion: Short term co-supplementation with L-carnitine and CoQ10 may improve aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in inactive collegiate men.

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Background and Aim: Offering health care by hospitals in critical situations is of great importance. Although after a disaster hospitals may be destroyed as well, many people go to the nearest hospital to get emergency medical services. Thus, hospital safety is an important issue for promotion of patient safety in the communities. Hence, in this study, hospital safety in some hospitals in Tehran in 2012 was evaluated. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Imam-Hossein, Taleghani, Modarres, Shohada, and Loghman Hospitals. The questionnaire was Hospital Safety Index (HIS) that includes five subscales and 145 indices for evaluation of hospital safety. Results: In this study, Modarres hospital had the lowest scores in all categories. The highest functional and non-structural scores were related to Imam-Hossein Hospital and the structural scores were higher in Taleghani Hospital. Also Shohada and Loghman Hospitals were in medium level. ‍Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that hospital safety was in medium level in majority of hospitals in Tehran. Although the situation is not critical, the programming and prompt functioning would be required to improve hospital safety.

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Background and Aim: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common nosocomial infection, which is caused by colonization of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to host mucosal epithelium and damage host tissue. Materials and Methods: In this study 100 samples were collected from patients who suspected urinary tract infection. Antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli was done by Kirby-Bauer method. Biofilm formation of this bacterium was performed by micro-titer plate method. To study the attachment of bacteria, cell surface hydrophobicity of uropathogenic Escherichia coli was done by hydrocarbon octane method. Results: Among 100 examined samples using conventional biochemical methods, 70 samples were identified as uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Results showed that, this bacteria with 23% hydrophobicity was able to form biofilm. Among these, 60% showed strong potential to form biofilm and just 4% did not have such potential.

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Introduction: Documentation and scientific evidence based on cohort studies can illustrate the profile of illness and the problem under quite normal conditions at the time of the study, as well as credible evidence of causality related to the outcomes. The health of each organization's employees is an important issue for increasing their efficiency and production. So far, a study with this structure has not been conducted among employees of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
Objective: To estimate the incidence rate of major non-communicable diseases and determine the risk factors for occupational risks associated with major non-communicable diseases in the population under study. The diseases will be considered in this study are cardiovascular diseases, breast, stomach, colorectal, prostate and liver cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, injuries and diabetes.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. Ten thousand employees aged 18-65 years old at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences are randomly selected and examined. It is estimated that the first round of the study is carried out within 3 years. Data needed for this study are collected through three ways: self-administered, interview and examination as well as various blood and urine tests. Initial data is used after quality review and follow up to complete incomplete data as well as linking to external data. Descriptive analysis will be done according to individual, spatial and temporal characteristics. Relative risk estimation and hazard difference for different risk factors will be performed with appropriate methods tailored to the type of data. In order to estimate the relationship between risk factors and consequences of different regression models, survival analysis and combined models will be used.
Results: Appropriate training has been given to recruited staff. Required tools are ready and validated. A handbook and manual protocol is available for all processes. The required equipment and equipment are provided according to the protocol and with the opinion of the experts of the scientific committee. The pre-Pilot Stage is completed and the pilot phase is under way for two months.
Conclusion: By conducting a prospective cohort study, a large contribution of early deaths can be reduced among the under study population. The success of the project to a large extent depends on the university's supports in implementing the relevant processes, the emphasis on doing the work based on the defined protocols, and the quality control and quality assurance processes. In these studies, we should be careful about the loss of follow up, and the effect of those who no longer wanted to continue to collaborate with the research, while also taking into account the measurement errors.