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Background and Aim: Improvement in the management of patients who are afflicted with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has resulted in the increase of their survival after heart attacks. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of life (QOL) after first AMI among patients who referred to teaching hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with the participation of 300 patients. The inclusion criteria were age between 32 to 79, first AMI, 6 to 30 months after AMI and consent for participation. These patients had been admitted in Shahid Modares, Loghmane Hakeem, Taleghanee and Shahid Labafeenejad hospitals, affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, for AMI and they had written medical records in these hospitals. The participants were enrolled in the study when they referred for routine follow-up visits at outpatient clinics. Data was collected by interviewing the patients. For measuring QOL, The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used. Results: The mean age of patients was 56.6± 9.6 years from which 57.5% were men and 42.3% women. The mean scores of QOL in various aspects were 67.2 for physical function, 52.9 for role limitation due to physical health problems, 71.1 for bodily pain, 48 for general health, 52.6 for vitality, 71.3 for social function, 59.2 for role limitation due to emotional problems and 57.2 for mental health. In comparison with the general population, QOL in this study was reduced in all scales but the amount of reduction was not the same. With increasing age, QOL of patients decreased in all aspects. QOL in women after AMI, 9% to 23% more than men was reduced. ‍Conclusion: The study showed that QOL of patients 6 to 30 months after the first AMI . The QOL decreased in physical scales more than mental and emotional scales. Decrease in QOL was related to increasing age and in women was more than men.

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Background and Aim: In recent years, the concept of sense of coherence (SOC) has helped our understanding about factors that influence health and disease it has also attracted attention as a health model. Remarkable applications of SOC in research and clinics indicate necessity of research on its psychometric properties. This study was run to assess the psychometric characteristics of the SOC (29 questions) in university students. Materials and Methods: This study aimed at investigating psychometric characteristics of the SOC questionnaire and assessing the correlation between variables thus, is a correlational study. For this purpose, 400 students (200 female, 200 male) were chosen using multistage sampling. After data collection, data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficients to assess questionnaire validity and reliability. Results: Factor analysis showed that this questionnaire has only one factor that explained 76.5% of the variance and all items are loaded in this factor thus, internal consistency of the SOC questionnaire was equal to α=0/.969. This indicates good reliability of this questionnaire. ‍Conclusion: It seems that the 29-question SOC questionnaire has acceptable validity and reliability in Iranian students and can be used by researchers and specialists in the area of health psychology, behavioral medicine, mental health, preventive mental health and other fields .

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Abstract:

Background and Aim: According to known complications associated with cesarean section and rising trend of the section up to before the implementation of health sector evolution plan, the purpose of the study was to examine the effects of the plan on changes of indications and whether the aims of plan leading to reduce cesarean or not.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted by using available information. According to the documentation, indications for cesarean section was set on the basis of Health Deputy’s check list that includes: elective cesarean, fetal distress, previous cesarean section, cephalopelvic disproportion, malpresentation, failure to progress, multiple pregnancies, post term pregnancy, placenta previa, abruption placenta, meconium stains or due to other causes, which are unknown. Pregnant women admitted to hospital only on the basis of the indications for cesarean section and in two time periods, before and after the project implementation of the health system were studied. Information obtained were analyzed by using SPSS-18 software t-test and chi-square.

Results: The results showed that pregnant women in 2014, indications such as previous cesarean section and unknown causes increase with p-value <0.05 and cesarean due to cephalopelvic disproportion, meconium defecation and other factors, the total number of cesarean sections were reduced to a p-value <0.05 but showed no significant changes in other indications.

‍Conclusion: According to the results of the project and the total overall health system in reducing cesarean indications for cesarean section, it seems that with persistence and good performance of the scientific objectives, bringing the rates closer to international standards.

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Abstract:

Background and Aim: One of the most important and underlying marital problems in couples is marital disillusionment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and factor structure of the scale of the Marital Disillusionment Scale.

Materials and Methods: A sample of 188 teachers was selected with convenience sampling of students of Karaj. To calculate the convergent and divergent validity, attitudes toward infidelity scale, Kensas marital satisfaction scale, attachment styles & marital forgiveness were used. In order to assess the first order confirmatory factor of the marital disillusionment scale, the weighted lowest squares (WLS) and to assess the adequacy of the model to the data, the parameters of RMR, RMSEA, CFI, AGFI, GFI, c², c²/df, and Dc² were used.

Results: Factor structure of the marital disillusionment scale was confirmed with using confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha and retest coefficients were 92.0 and 85.0 respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the marital disillusionment scale has a significant positive correlation with attitudes toward infidelity (p<0.01), avoidance/resentment (p<0.01), avoidant attachment (P<0.05), ambivalent attachment subscales (P<0.01), which indicates convergent validity and has a significant negative correlation with the Kensas marital satisfaction scale and forgiveness (P<0.01), which indicates it’s divergent validity.

&zwj;Conclusion: First-order factor structure of "marital disillusionment scale" showed better fitness with the observed data. Confirmatory factor structure, reliability and validity of the marital disillusionment scale for research applications and clinical diagnoses were acceptable.

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Introduction: Documentation and scientific evidence based on cohort studies can illustrate the profile of illness and the problem under quite normal conditions at the time of the study, as well as credible evidence of causality related to the outcomes. The health of each organization's employees is an important issue for increasing their efficiency and production. So far, a study with this structure has not been conducted among employees of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
Objective: To estimate the incidence rate of major non-communicable diseases and determine the risk factors for occupational risks associated with major non-communicable diseases in the population under study. The diseases will be considered in this study are cardiovascular diseases, breast, stomach, colorectal, prostate and liver cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, injuries and diabetes.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. Ten thousand employees aged 18-65 years old at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences are randomly selected and examined. It is estimated that the first round of the study is carried out within 3 years. Data needed for this study are collected through three ways: self-administered, interview and examination as well as various blood and urine tests. Initial data is used after quality review and follow up to complete incomplete data as well as linking to external data. Descriptive analysis will be done according to individual, spatial and temporal characteristics. Relative risk estimation and hazard difference for different risk factors will be performed with appropriate methods tailored to the type of data. In order to estimate the relationship between risk factors and consequences of different regression models, survival analysis and combined models will be used.
Results: Appropriate training has been given to recruited staff. Required tools are ready and validated. A handbook and manual protocol is available for all processes. The required equipment and equipment are provided according to the protocol and with the opinion of the experts of the scientific committee. The pre-Pilot Stage is completed and the pilot phase is under way for two months.
Conclusion: By conducting a prospective cohort study, a large contribution of early deaths can be reduced among the under study population. The success of the project to a large extent depends on the university's supports in implementing the relevant processes, the emphasis on doing the work based on the defined protocols, and the quality control and quality assurance processes. In these studies, we should be careful about the loss of follow up, and the effect of those who no longer wanted to continue to collaborate with the research, while also taking into account the measurement errors.